Importer is the buyer. He identifies the need for a product (goods) at a specific location, searches for the best supplier – globally, and places an order for purchase.
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CHA/ Freight Forwarding Services
Exporter is the seller. He manufactures or procures the products required by the buyer.
Banks play multiple roles in international trade. They act as financiers, negotiators of the trade contract, and custodians of the goods/documents.
Insurance is a crucial part of the shipping process. Insurance companies help cover the risks involved in transportation.
Freight forwarders are agents who coordinate with the other participants in the shipping process on behalf of the importer/exporter.
Customs House Agents assist the exporters and importers in getting clearance from custom authorities
The company that owns the carrier (ship) that carries the goods from port of loading to port of destination.
In any international trade, custom authorities of at least two countries – country of export and country of import – are involved. The customs authorities provide clearance for the goods to leave the country of export and enter the country of import.
Like the customs, port authorities of at least two countries are involved in the shipping process. The port authorities in the exporting country provide clearance for the goods to be loaded on the ship. The port authorities in the importing country provide clearance for the goods to enter the country of import
Rail/road transport providers are also an important part of the shipping process. They facilitate the movement of goods from factory/warehouse to port of loading and the movement of goods from port of destination to the final destination.